At least five attacks fulfilling criteria B–D B. Migraine was diagnosed based on the following diagnostic criteria for MO in the ICHD-3 (code 1.1): A.
This study used data collected during the baseline assessment phase of the CHASE study. We conducted a web-based survey among adults aged 20–59 years with technical support from Hankook Research. The target sample size was 3,000 and the estimated sampling error was ± 1.8%. We used a two-stage, clustered random sampling method proportional to the population distribution of all Korean territories, except Jeju-do, based on the national population survey data of 2015. It also comprised modules for disability and impact of headaches, effects of acute headache treatment, quality of sleep, stress, and physical activity. At the baseline assessment, the study included modules for the diagnosis of headache, depression, anxiety, insomnia, widespread pain, and obstructive sleep apnea. The study had a baseline assessment phase, followed by longitudinal assessments performed every 3 months for over a year. The Circannual Change in Headache and Sleep (CHASE) study was a nation-wide, population-based survey that was conducted in October 2020 to evaluate the circannual changes in headache and sleep. The present study aimed to compare the prevalence and impact of VA between PM and migraine using a nation-wide population-based sample in Korea. We hypothesized that the prevalence of VA in PM is similar to that in migraine, and the accompaniment of VA affects the clinical features of PM as it does of migraine. Furthermore, no study has reported the prevalence of VA in individuals with PM in a general population-based setting. If the clinical presentations of migraine and PM significantly differ according to the presence of VA, both conditions can be managed with more ease. Although VA is a common symptom of migraine, reports of its impact on the clinical presentations of migraine and PM are currently scarce. PM affects 5%–15% of the general population annually 16, and aura has been reported as a manifestation 17. Its symptoms and associated disability differ from that of migraine, with a typically shorter attack duration, milder headache intensity, and lesser anxiety and depression 14, 15. Probable migraine (PM) is a subtype of migraine that fulfills all but one criterion of migraine 1. It showed a high sensitivity and specificity for VA, and may allow a validated investigation of VA. Recently, a self-administered VA rating scale (VARS) was developed based on the typical symptoms of VA 12, 13. These studies used questionnaires to identify the aura symptoms however, most questionnaires were not validated through a comparison between their results and the doctor’s diagnosis of aura. MA differs from migraine without aura (MO) in terms of the prevalence, comorbidities, triggering factors, and clinical characteristics 5, 6, 7, 8.Įpidemiological studies have reported the prevalence and impact of aura in general populations 9, 10, 11.
Visual aura (VA) is the most common form of aura in MA, occurring either alone or in combination with other auras in 98% of cases 2, 3, 4. The third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) has defined migraine with aura (MA) as a condition with fully reversible visual, sensory, motor, speech and/or language, brainstem, and retinal symptoms. Some symptoms were more severe in the presence of VA.Īura is a complex, reversible neurological manifestation that occurs during or before the onset of the headache phase in migraine 1. VA prevalence was similar between migraine and PM. 5.0, p < 0.001), and more severe cutaneous allodynia (12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist score, 2.5 vs. 2.0, p = 0.001), greater disability (Migraine Disability Assessment score 10.0 vs. Participants with PM with VA had a higher headache frequency per month (2.0 vs. 2.0, p = 0.014) and more severe cutaneous allodynia (12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist score 3.0 vs. Participants with migraine with VA had a higher headache frequency per month (4.0 vs. Of 3,030 participants, 170 (5.6%) and 337 (11.1%) had migraine and PM, respectively VA prevalence did not differ between these cohorts (29.4% vs. Participants with VA rating scale scores ≥ 3 were classified as having VA. Data from the nation-wide, population-based Circannual Change in Headache and Sleep Study were collected. However, data on its prevalence and impact in individuals with migraine and probable migraine (PM) are limited. Visual aura (VA) presents in 98% of cases of migraine with aura.
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